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G8MNY  > TECH     11.11.21 08:25z 212 Lines 9563 Bytes #999 (0) @ WW
BID : 52715_GB7CIP
Read: GUEST
Subj: DRAE 24A 13.5V PSU
Path: HB9ON<IW8PGT<IZ3LSV<I0OJJ<EA2RCF<LU9DCE<LU4ECL<JE7YGF<GB7CIP
Sent: 211111/0814Z @:GB7CIP.#32.GBR.EURO #:52715 [Caterham Surrey GBR]
From: G8MNY@GB7CIP.#32.GBR.EURO
To  : TECH@WW

By G8MNY                              (Updated Jan 10)
(8 Bit ASCII graphics use code page 437 or 850, Terminal Font)

I have repaired 2 of this series so far, a 12A & a 24A model.
These are complex linear PSUs & use some unusual design features....

Short circuit current fold-back to 10A
Current limit @ 24A
Temperature limit trip
Over voltage limit @ 14V
Over voltage Crowbar @ 14.5V
Negative rail regulation
Earthed 2N3055 collectors
Current copiers extend current to 24A.

BLOCK SCHEMATIC (no diagram hence reverse engineered)
旼컴컴커旼컴컴컴컴왯컴컴컴컴커
쿘ains 척  Dual   척Capacitor쳐컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컫컴컴컫컴컴�>+13.5V
쿟rans-척 Bridge  척   Bank  �   旼컴컴컴컴컴컴커 �     �
쿯ormer납Rectifier납         쳐� 쿟emp & I limit쳐)컴�  �
읕컴컴켸읕컴컴컴컴牡컴컴컴컴켸 � 쳐컴컴컴컴컴컴캑 � 憫컴좔컴�
                               � �   6A linear  쳐� �  Over �
                               쳐�    reg PSU   쳐� 쿣oltage�
                            -ve� 읕컴컴컫컴컴컴켸 � 쿎rowbar�
                               � 旼컴컴컨컴컴컴커 � 읕컴쩡컴�
                               쳐퀰urrent Copier쳐�     �
                         (-10V)� 쳐컴컴컴컴컴컴캑 �     �
                               쳐퀰urrent Copier쳐�     �
                               � 쳐컴컴컴컴컴컴캑 �     �
                               읕퀰urrent Copier쳐좔컴컴좔컴컴> 0V
                                 읕컴컴컴컴컴컴켸
INPUT
The huge mains transformer's 2 secondaries each feed a bridge rectifier & then
on to each side of the capacitor bank. The +ve side is the + output in this
design, but it goes through several PCB links!
                 ___       _________________________________
L훟-o컴o\컫컴�||( Rectifier + �     쿎2�  쿎4�  쿎15�  �    +13.5V
  6.3A    �  )||(__Bridge 1컴�)커   � === � === �  === �
        neon )|| ___        __� �  === � === � ===  � ===
          �  )||( Rectifier +   � C1�  쿎3�  �  쿎12�  쿎16
N컴컴컴o\컨컴�||(__Bridge 2_____�___�__�__�__�__�___�__�____-Ve (-10V)
E컴�        2x 17V 20A
   �
CONTROL CIRCUIT
Three opamps are used in the linear regulator in a cascade set up. IC1B
monitors the temperature & it's output together with a overvoltage sensing
transistor affect the current limiter opamp IC1C. This in turn offsets the
voltage setting pot on the voltage control opamp IC1D to affect the current
limiting.

The voltage reference zener D6 is initially powered via R17 & filter R15 & cap
C8 to delay power up, then from the output (D7 & R6) this gives the reduced
fold-back current on a shorted load, Voltage Opamp IC1C compares this reference
to the output sample from voltage setting pot P4. IC1D operates PNP TR1 to
drive the 2N3055 pass transistor TR2 to deliver up to 6A.

When 6A is reached in TR2, the voltage across R12 is compared to the value from
P2 by IC1C & it's output falls, -ve voltage is feed into P4 to reduce the
voltage & hence limit the current.

When too hot the voltage across D2 (by TR2) exceeds P1 setting & opamp IC1B
output goes high & this feeds IC1C to stop the output.

컴컴컴컴컴쩡컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컫컴컫컴컴컴컴컴컫컴>+13.5V
  5�\IC1B �                            C8�+  �          _�_
旼캑+\ 7  R1                      IC1D  === R13      D6 /_\'
�  �  >컴�)컴훀9컴�                 /�12 �   �           �
�6渼-/    �       � From R26    14 /+쳐컴좔컴)컴훀15컫컴캑
� 납/  D3 쳐�     쳐<overV     旼�<  �      VOLTS    �   �
� 쳐R2캑<척 R3    �            �   \-쳐컫컴>POT     R17  �
� �   旼컴)컨커   �  IC1C      쿎9  \�13�   P4       �  _�_
� �   T   �   I   �10�\        쳐늘컴컴켸    �  Start�  \_/D7
읕)컴>POT � POT<컴)컴�+\ 8     �         D5  �    up �   �
  �   P1  �  P2   �  �  >컴컴컴)컴컴훀5컴�<쳐�     -ve   �
  �   �  _�_  �   쳐캑-/      _�_TR1         �           �
  �   � '/_\  �   � 9�/    PNP/ \e 250mA     �          R6
  �   � D1�   �  R8     旼컴캑   읕쩡컴�    R14          �
 _�_D2�   �   �   �    R11  _�_    L1 R25    �           �
 \_/  �   �   �   �     �  e/ \TR2 �   �     �           �
컴좔컴좔컴좔컫핾12좌컴컴좌켸   쳐컴좌컴좔컴컴좔컴컴컴컴컴좌�>0V
-ve          �     �     읕�>쳐�6A  �                     �
             �     �     D8    �    �
              \ To Current Copiers /

COMPONENT  LIST
No    R    | No    R        C        TR        D       P      IC     TH    L
17   1M    |  1  3k3      4m7 25V   BD131     5.6V    2k2   LM324N  BTI51  ?
18  22R    |  2  10k      4m7 25V   2N3055   1N4148   2k2   LM324N
19 0R05 2W |  3  6k8      4m7 25V   TIP31B   1N4148   220R
20         |  4                     2N3055    14V     2k2
21  22R    |  5  10k                TIP31B   1N4148
22 0R05 2W |  6  3k3      2m2 16V   2N3055    5.6V
23  22R    |  7           10n       TIP31B   1N4148
24 0R05 2W |  8  1k5       ?        2N3055   1N4001
25  22R    |  9  27k      10n
26  3k3    | 10  22R 10W  u1
27  27k    | 11  22R      2m2 16V
28  3M3    | 12 0R05 2W   4m7 25V
           | 13  10k      1n
           | 14  15k
           | 15  10k      4m7 25V
           | 16  3k3      4m7 25V

CURRENT COPIERS

�     �  3�\IC1A     �
�     쳐컴�+\ 1      �
�     �   �  >컴커TR3�         Three more 2N3055
�     � 旼�-/   _�_  �         each with a driver
�     � �4�/   e/ \  �         & opamp are used
�     � 쳐훀18캑   읕�         to get the current
�     � �     _�_    �         up to 24A.
�     � �    e/ \TR4 �
쳐R19�)컨컴컴�   쳐컴�
�     � 12�\IC2D �   �
�     쳐컴�+\ 14     �
�     � 13�  >컴커TR5�
�     � 旼�-/   _�_  �
�     � � �/   e/ \  �
�     � 쳐훀22캑   읕�
�     � �     _�_    �
�     � �    e/ \TR6 �
쳐R22�)컨컴컴�   쳐컴�
�     � 10�\IC2C �   �
�     읕컴�+\ 8      �
�         �  >컴커TR7�
�       旼�-/   _�_  �
�       �9�/   e/ \  �
�       쳐훀23캑   읕�
�       �     _�_    �
�       �    e/ \TR8 �
읕R24컴컨컴컴�   쳐컴�
                 �
PROTECTION
Addition over voltage limiting circuit using TR9 shuts off the drive if output
rises above 14V. If there is no control due to a blown up pass transistor, a
SCR crowbar circuit will short the output as well (no fuse so destroying the
pass transistors?)

Warning due to the SCR crowbar, do not connect an unfused battery!

컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컫컴컴컴컫컴컴쩡컫컴컫컴쩡컫�>+13.5V
                        _�_      �    �  �   �  �  �
                      D4/_\'     �    �  쿎6 �  �  �
             旼컴컴컫컴컴�     FB�    � ===  �  � ===
             e\�   ===   �      |�|   �  �  === �  퀅1 on
Over-     TR9  쳐쩡캑C13 �   TH1_�_   �  쿎11�  �  퀃erminals
volts      PNP/� �  �    �      \_/   �  �   � R10 �
to IC1 <훀26켸  R28 �  TRIP<컴쩡/�   === �   �  �  �
pin9             �  �    P3   �  � C10�  �   �  �  �
           >-ve컴� R27   � C7=== �    �  �   �  �  �
                    좔컴컨컴컴좔컨컴컴좔컨컴컨컴좔컨쩡>0V
                                                    �
Several caps are across the output as well as a 7W load of R10, these soak up
any sudden changes in the loading.

STATUS LED Modification

        컴쩡컴컴컴컴컴컴컴쩡컴>+13.5V
         470              �                  旼컴컴컴컴컴컴컴커
          쳐컴커         === u1              � 旼�            �
    RED  _�_  _�_ GREEN   �                  � 읕�            �
    LED �\_/  \_/� LED    쳐컴>0V        Red 쿽               �
   FAIL   �   _�_   OK    �                  � (�)+           �
          �   /_\'                      Green쿽               �
      wire�    � 9V                          � (�)-           �
          �    �                             �                �
Current+  1k                                 읓쩡컴컴컴컴컴컫쬔
Temp amp  �
    �>컴컴좔컴R5�
   IC1C
   pin8

The -Ve going output of current Opamp IC1C that is also operated on over Volts
& Temperature, has just enough current to light the RED LED via the 1k & 470R
on doing so the GREEN LED goes out. The GREEN LED only lights if the +13.5V
output is good enough. All but the 1k are mounted to outside of the output
terminals with tight holes drilled for the LEDS, & +13.5 & 0V soldering to the
u1 cap leads that are across the terminals.

REPAIRING
Burnt out base emitter Rs means a 2N3055 is dud & has lost it's emitter
connection & it's driver will needed testing too.
This design is not that easy to work on you do need a flexible shaft 8mm
spinner!
                                            旼컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴커
                                           報커  fuse     拙拙拙拙 拙拙拙拙�
          Side View                        喪켸           � �  p4 p2 p1 � 납
 �                            납mains       �     ___     �  p3   o+      납
 쿞WITCH      쿴eat-     Rect 납lead        �  -''   ''-  �  th1    o    死�
屛            퀂inks         死�            � /    _    \ �     o   o   - 납
參----------- �     켅s�      납            납    / \    납     o   o     납
屛   MAINS   |� PCB �  �      납            납    \_/    납 -   o   o    死�
參TRANSFORMER|�===============납            � \         / �  �  ++ o �    납
 읓컫컴컴컴컴컴컫컫컴컴컴쩡쩟컫�            �  -..___..-  拙拙拙拙 拙拙拙拙�
  읕�            ~        ~ 읕�             읕컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴켸
 Feet          Transistors   Feet                     Plan View

The 4 pass transistors are bolted on the underside with 2 sets of nuts, one to
hold transistors & internal heatsink to the case (no insulation kit needed in
this design!), & the 2nd set with washers holds the PCB in place. But the PCB
can only be removed after the 2 rectifiers have been moved out of the way.


Why don't U send an interesting bul?

73 De John, G8MNY @ GB7CIP



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